Most people think of bone health when they think of Vitamin D, as it plays an essential role in bone growth. But vitamin D is involved in so much more than just bone growth! There are vitamin D receptors in most of the body’s tissues.
Vitamin D plays an active role in immune function, protein synthesis, muscle function, cardiovascular function, inflammatory response, cell growth and musculoskeletal regulation. Multiple studies have linked low vitamin D levels to diseases including asthma and COPD, heart attack and stroke, and even cancer. Vitamin D deficiency can commonly cause non-specific muscle pain that can be misdiagnosed as fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue syndrome.
When vitamin D levels decrease below normal limits, parathyroid hormone increases bone resorption to free up stored calcium to meet the body’s demands. Low levels of vitamin D lead to an increase in bone turnover which creates an increased risk of bone injury such as stress fractures.
On the positive side, some studies have shown increased athletic performance including isometric strength and vertical jump measurements because of vitamin D supplementation. Further research indicates favorable immune function and reduced vulnerability to respiratory illnesses in those with adequate vitamin D levels.
It is generally understood that as a society, we have become less healthy in the last generation. Poor diets, less physical activity, and less time outdoors all contribute to the sickening and fattening of the American population. Additionally, it is estimated that 40-60% of Americans are vitamin D deficient.
The primary source of vitamin D is sun exposure. But many factors including clothing and skin color affect the body’s ability to produce enough, meaning that even people who live in sunny areas don’t necessarily have optimal levels. Dietary sources include fatty fish, eggs and mushrooms, but the most reliable way to ensure your levels are high enough is to take a daily OTC supplement.